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71.
Water and nutrient use efficiency of a low-cost hydroponic greenhouse for a cucumber crop: An Australian case study 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
Harsharn S. GrewalBasant Maheshwari Sophie E. Parks 《Agricultural Water Management》2011,98(5):841-846
The Australian greenhouse industry is primarily dominated by low-cost hydroponic greenhouses for delivery of water and nutrients to plants to grow a variety of vegetable crops including cucumber and tomato. The nutrient rich drainage water from these greenhouses is generally released into the local environment causing pollution concerns. This study was initiated to investigate the opportunities in recycling drainage water to increase water and nutrient-use efficiency of hydroponic greenhouses and reduce the environmental impact of the drainage water discharge. Results indicated that a total of 4.15 ML/ha of irrigation water was applied during the 13 weeks crop growing period of which 2.56 ML/ha was drained off and 1.59 ML/ha was used to meet the crop evapotranspiration demand. The study showed that the recycling of the drainage water resulted in a 33% reduction in potable water used for irrigation in cucumber production. The drainage water contained 59% applied N, 25% applied P and 55% applied K and illustrated the potential for nutrient recovery and production cost savings through the reuse of drainage water. This case study demonstrates that some relatively simple changes in irrigation practices within greenhouse systems to recycle drainage water can considerably improve sustainability of low-cost hydroponic greenhouses and help minimise the environmental footprint of the greenhouse industry. 相似文献
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73.
河川基流分割法在山丘区地下水资源量评价中的运用 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
山丘区河川基流分割方法很多,采用不同方法的分割成果不尽相同。在地下水资源评价中,根据云南省自然地理独特,气候复杂多样,降水量丰沛,洪水频繁,河川径流过程线普遍呈连续多峰型的特性,寻求一种既能满足水资源综合规划要求,又符合云南实际分割河川基流量的方法,是地下水资源评价中的重要内容。采用适宜水均衡法和直线斜割法的径流资料分割河川基流量,求出两种方法之间的换算系数,修正水均衡法的分割成果,一是达到了以直线斜割法统一分割河川基流量的目的;二是提高了山丘区地下水资源量评价的精度,为探索山丘区地下水资源量及时空分布规律提供技术支撑。 相似文献
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75.
聂杰 《中国农村水利水电》1992,(2)
江苏太湖平原地区灌溉水源丰富,排水通畅,但由于年际水量分配不均,干旱仍时有发生。根据这一情况,对灌溉水的利用问题进行了研究。在大、小区水量平衡的基础上,提出了灌溉水的回归系数和回归水的重复利用系数,以及灌溉水的重复利用系数。为本区水利规划、用水管理和供水规划提供了可靠的依据。 相似文献
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78.
Sap flow meters based on the stem heat balance method were used to measure the mass flow rates or water use in young potted tea (Camellia sinensis L.) plants of clones AHP S15/10 and BBK35. The meters were constructed on site and installed onto the stem or branch sections of field growing plants in an experiment originally designed to study the effects of plant population density and drought on the productivity and water use of young tea clones. The objective of the study was to use the SHB method as a first attempt to use sap flow meters for determining the water use of young tea growing in the field under well watered conditions in Tanzania. The results are reported and recommendation made for further work on using the technique. 相似文献
79.
The consumption of water by irrigation in agriculture is very large and thus the effects of the management of irrigation systems on aquifers are very important. The basis of this preliminary study into the reduction of this consumption is to improve our understanding of the losses resulting from water transport and deep seepage inside the irrigated areas of cultivation (parcels) at the regional level (100 km) by studying water-table variations with reference to anthropogenic contributions. The use of a hydrodynamic model that incorporates adjustment of the quantity of irrigation water by a reduction coefficient enables actual water-table behaviour to be simulated. Losses can thus be deduced from the quantity of irrigation water flowing into the irrigation system and from hydrometeorological parameters.
Application of the technique in the Lower Durance (France) indicates that, in this region, 53% of the water remains in the irrigation network and 19% is lost by deep seepage, leaving only 28% of the water supplied for use by plants. 相似文献
80.
This work describes the analysis of the uncertainty linked to the annual direct and indirect losses of different nitrogenous compounds at the scale of a group of farms. The nitrogen (N) forms taken into account are: ammonia (NH3), nitric oxide (NO), nitrous oxide (N2O), dinitrogen (N2) and nitrate (NO3). The gaseous N emissions for the different components of the farms are estimated with a selection of adapted emission factors. The NO3 losses at the farm scale are calculated as the difference between the surplus of the farm-gate N balance and the gaseous N emissions. 相似文献